Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
NOROPSIKIYATRI ARSIVI-ARCHIVES OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY, cilt.47, ss.6-10, 2010 (SCI-Expanded)
Blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm are the two most common movement disorders that affect the facial muscles. Despite having different pathophysiological mechanisms, both disorders produce involuntary eyelid closure due to contractions of the orbicularis oculi muscle. The treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm most often involves the use of botulinum toxin. Although only a few double-blind, placebo-controlled studies exist, botulinum toxin injections have been accepted as a safe and efficacious treatment modality for these disorders. Complications include ptosis, blurred vision, diplopia, facial weakness and other minor side effects that usually improve in days to weeks. A large body of evidence supports the use of botulinum toxin as a first-line treatment for blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. This review aims to present an update on the treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm with botulinum toxin type A. (Archives of Neuropsychiatry 2010; 47 Supplement: 6-10)