Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of eight organochlorine pesticides in tea and fruit juice samples using an ionic liquid-metal organic framework and their determination by gas chromatography-electron capture detector


Totur Pamık D., Seyhan Bozkurt S.

Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies, vol.48, no.16-20, pp.612-622, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 48 Issue: 16-20
  • Publication Date: 2025
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/10826076.2025.2554063
  • Journal Name: Journal of Liquid Chromatography and Related Technologies
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, Biotechnology Research Abstracts, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Metadex, Veterinary Science Database, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Page Numbers: pp.612-622
  • Keywords: Composite material, dispersive micro solid phase extraction, gas chromatography-electron capture detector, ionic liquid, metal organic framework, organochlorine pesticide
  • Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

The ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide was synthesized, and impregnated into the aluminum metal-organic framework (MOF) to create the composite material. This composite material was then used to determine of organochlorine pesticides, using dispersive micro solid phase extraction (SPE) followed by gas chromatography with an electron capture detector. The optimum conditions were found to be an eluent solution volume of 0.75 mL of methanol, an adsorbent amount of 30 mg, an extraction time of 15 min, and an extraction temperature of 35 °C, with a pH range of 6–7. The linear range (LR) was obtained between 0.05 and 50 µg L−1 for β-HCH and δ-HCH and 0.01–50 µg L−1 for other organochlorine pesticides. Under optimal conditions, the proposed method demonstrated good linearity (R2 = 0.9969–0.9998) and low detection limits (0.0027–0.0187 µg L−1). The intra- and inter-day precision, expressed as relative standard deviations, were 2.41–5.44% and 2.36–5.38%, respectively, for 1 and 10 µg L−1 organochlorine pesticide standards. The enrichment factor (EF) for organochlorine pesticides using 0.75 mL of eluent was 80. The developed method was successfully applied to green tea, black tea, orange juice, and apple juice samples. This method offers high recovery, repeatability, simplicity, and applicability for the analysis of pesticides.