Psychometric Validation of the Turkish Version of the Negative Cognitive Processing Bias Questionnaire (NCPBQ)
JOURNAL OF RATIONAL - EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE - BEHAVIOR THERAPY, cilt.44, sa.13, ss.1-23, 2026 (SSCI, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 44 Sayı: 13
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s10942-026-00679-5
- Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF RATIONAL - EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE - BEHAVIOR THERAPY
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Social Science Premium Collection (ProQuest), Health Research Premium Collection (ProQuest), Scopus, Pharma Collection (ProQuest), Sociology Database (ProQuest), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), IBZ Online, Psycinfo
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1-23
- Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Negative cognitive processing bias (NCPB) reflects a core cognitive mechanism emphasised across cognitive–behavioral models of emotional disorders, contributing to heightened attention to negative cues, biased interpretations, and persistent ruminative processing. Within the framework of cognitive theories, NCPB is considered a modifiable vulnerability factor that maintains maladaptive affective states and disrupts adaptive emotion regulation. This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate the Turkish version of the Negative Cognitive Processing Bias Questionnaire (NCPBQ), enabling its use as a clinically meaningful assessment tool within CBT-oriented research and practice. A total of 256 Turkish university students (Mean age = 21.2, SD = 2.3) completed the NCPBQ along with measures of self-critical rumination and optimism. Following a forward–backward translation procedure, the psychometric evaluation included exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency coefficients, item–total correlations, and convergent–discriminant validity testing. The results supported the original four-factor structure, with strong internal consistency (α = 0.92) and robust factorial validity. Convergent validity was demonstrated through strong positive associations with self-critical rumination (r = .83, p < .001), while negative correlations with optimism (r = − .28, p < .001) supported discriminant validity. Given its theoretically grounded focus on maladaptive cognitive biases, the Turkish NCPBQ offers a clinically relevant, mechanism-oriented assessment tool suitable for identifying individuals with elevated vulnerability to negative information processing. The scale holds practical implications for clinical assessment, case formulation, and treatment monitoring, particularly in interventions aiming to modify biased information processing patterns, reduce ruminative tendencies, and strengthen cognitive flexibility.