An appraisal of the local-scale spatio-temporal variations of drought based on the integrated GRACE/GRACE-FO observations and fine-resolution FLDAS model

Khorrami B., Ali S., Gündüz O.

Hydrological Processes, cilt.37, sa.11, 2023 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 37 Sayı: 11
  • Basım Tarihi: 2023
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/hyp.15034
  • Dergi Adı: Hydrological Processes
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Aqualine, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Artic & Antarctic Regions, CAB Abstracts, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Environment Index, Geobase, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Veterinary Science Database, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: downscaling, drought, FLDAS, GRACE, Kizilirmak basin, random forest
  • Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) observations have so far been utilized to detect and trace the variations of hydrological extremes worldwide. However, applying the coarse resolution GRACE estimates for local-scale analysis remains a big challenge. In this study, a new version of the fine resolution (1 km) Famine early warning systems network Land Data Assimilation System (FLDAS) model data was integrated into a machine learning model along with the GRACE data to evaluate the subbasin-scale variations of water storage, and drought. With a correlation of (Formula presented.) and a root mean square error (RMSE) of (Formula presented.) of its results, the downscaling model turned out to be very successful in modelling the finer resolution variations of TWSA. The water storage deficit (WSD) and Water Storage Deficit Index (WSDI) were used to determine the episodes and severity of drought events. Accordingly, two severe droughts (January 2008 to March 2009 and September 2019 to December 2020) were discerned in the Kizilirmak Basin (KB) located in Central Türkiye. The characterization of droughts was evaluated based on WSDI, scPDSI, and model-based drought indices of the soil moisture storage percentile (SMSP) and groundwater storage percentile (GWSP). The results indicated discrepancies in the drought classes based on different indices. However, the WSDI turned out to be more correlated with GWSP, suggesting its high ability to monitor groundwater droughts as well.