Posterior Segment Manifestations of Cat-scratch Disease: A Mini-review of the Clinical and Multi-modal Imaging Features

Karti Ö., ATAŞ F., SAATCİ A. O.

NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY, vol.45, no.6, pp.361-371, 2021 (ESCI) identifier identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Review
  • Volume: 45 Issue: 6
  • Publication Date: 2021
  • Doi Number: 10.1080/01658107.2021.1939393
  • Journal Name: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY
  • Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, EMBASE
  • Page Numbers: pp.361-371
  • Keywords: Bartonella henselae, cat-scratch disease, fluorescein angiography, neuroretinitis, ocular bartonellosis, optical coherence tomography, OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY, MACULAR HOLE, RETINAL ARTERY, BARTONELLA, NEURORETINITIS, NEOVASCULARIZATION, INVOLVEMENT, OCCLUSION
  • Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

Bartonella henselae, an intracellular gram-negative bacillus, is usually transmitted from infected cats to humans by direct or indirect contact. The bacterium mainly infects erythrocytes and endothelial cells thereby leading to so called cat-scratch disease (CSD) and may present with various localised and/or systemic manifestations. The eye is the most commonly affected organ in disseminated CSD and ocular bartonellosis has been reported in 5-10% of CSD patients. The most well-known clinical feature of ocular bartonellosis is neuroretinitis but various sight-threatening posterior segment lesions involving the optic nerve, retinal vasculature, retinal and choroidal tissues may occur during the disease course. This mini-review aims to overview both the clinical and multi-modal imaging characteristics of posterior ocular segment manifestations of CSD.