Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
GeoJournal, cilt.90, sa.3, 2025 (ESCI)
The urban environment is shaped by the convergence of various spatial elements, and these components require a holistic assessment to support a high quality of urban life. This study investigates how the perception of the immediate environment, defined as a 15-min walking distance, changes in urban environments characterised by different spatial attributes in Manisa, Türkiye. The identification of different urban living environments was carried out through a clustering analysis based on spatial characteristics related to density, diversity, and proximity. The methodology consists of a three-step process. First, the degree of mixed land use was measured using entropy and dissimilarity indices, focusing on the central urban area of Manisa. Second, a clustering analysis was conducted based on spatial indicators to classify the urban fabric into six distinct clusters, representing different combinations of density and land use diversity. Third, a survey was conducted within these clusters to assess residents’ perceptions of urban quality of life in relation to their immediate environments. The results indicate that urban environments characterised by low density and moderate levels of mixed land use are perceived most positively. These findings suggest that residents’ satisfaction is shaped not only by accessibility but also by the broader spatial structure of their environment. This study contributes to the 15-min city literature by combining spatial metrics with subjective evaluations. It emphasizes the importance of evaluating the concept not only through isochrone-based accessibility but also through spatial clustering and perception-based analysis on a city-wide scale.