II. Meşrutiyet'ten Cumhuriyet'e İki Devrim İki Süreç "Tarihsel, İdeolojik ve Olgusal Bir Karşılaştırma"
Islık yayınları , İstanbul, 2016
- Publication Type: Book / Research Book
- Publication Date: 2016
- Publisher: Islık yayınları
- City: İstanbul
- Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
This thesis is about the analysis of the Second Constitutional Era of the
Ottoman Empire established on 23 July 1908 and the Republican Revolution in
1923, both of which left deep scars in the recent history of Turkey. By using
comparative history method, in this study, they are evaluated with intellectual,
economic and social aspects. It is a well-known fact that important structural
transformations in history affect each other by using the values they have.
Within this context, both 1908 and 1923 revolutions can be considered as the
last representatives of revolution age in Europe since 1789, in a non-European
geography. Both of the revolutions include ideological similarities as well as
contrasts. Within the framework of the reconstruction of the state and the social
structure and the validity principles of scientific thinking, in this thesis, these
similarities and contrasts are discussed.
Through the historical process stretching from 1908 to 1923, an empire
collapsed, and a new nation-state established. This thesis tries to research the
institutionalization of this nation-state and the underlying intellectual
background and motives. All the references in the highly intensive literature of
this subject are neatly scrutinized and analyzed. After all, for the first time such
a detailed and comprehensive comparison of the Second Constitutional Era and
the Republic is made.
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History is the study of interpreting past events and facts with today's
values. Historiography's this nature and epistemology necessarily reflects in
each historical work. Theories, ideologies, and structures are always
reconsidered and analyzed with this perspective. Modernization theory
produced about the recent history of Turkey for many years, Weberian
analyzes such as patrimonialism, positivist tendencies, approaches such as
Jacobinism and Bonapartism are all critically reviewed within the scope of this
thesis. The aim of doing this was to make the evaluation and comparison of the
recent past with non-orientalist approach in a Turkish social science world,
where orientalist ideology is so dominant.
Also, the birth of nationalism, peasantism, populism and socialism in our
country's recent past and their effects on both of the structural transformations
are among the issues studied in this thesis.
By concentrating on the similarities, contrasts and breaking points of the
two revolutions that our country witnessed in the 20th century, this thesis aims
to lead to the various new point of views, analyzes and interpretations.
Keywords: Constitutional Monarchy, Republic, Comparative History,
Historiography, Revolution, Nationalism, Populism, Secularism,
Patrimonialism, Liberalism, Solidarism, Corporatism, Bonapartism,
Jacobinism, Historical Interpretation.