Research Information System
EUROPEAN SPORT MANAGEMENT QUARTERLY, vol.9, no.3, pp.311-332, 2009 (SSCI)
The purpose of this study was to adapt the self and other versions of the Power in Sport Questionnaire for Turkey. Five sources of interpersonal power have been identified in the literature (reward, coercive, referent, legitimate and expert powers). These interpersonal powers were later adapted to sport settings and sound validity and reliability results have been shown in North America. Participants were 165 male soccer head coaches and 870 male soccer players (697 amateur and 173 professionals) in this study. Confirmatory and Exploratory factor analyses with the data collected in Turkey supported the four-factor model for coaches and players with the elimination of some items (items 1, 6, 7, 9 and 11). To some extent, cultural convergence and divergences appear to exist between both multicultural countries (USA and Turkey) related to perception of leadership power. Additional new items and models may be needed for soccer in Turkey.