Research Information System
in: Biomarkers in Carcinoma of Unknown Primary, Sülen Sarıoğlu,Özgül Sağol,Anıl Aysal, Editor, Springer, London/Berlin , Zug, pp.1-19, 2022
A biomarker is a feature that is shown to indicate a physiologic or pathologic condition. The roles of biomarkers in histopathological evaluation are expanding, and pathologists must work with these tools like a conductor of an orchestra. Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers support patient diagnosis and treatment in multiple ways. Some biomarkers are patient-related, and some are drug-related. A single biomarker is sometimes important for all these purposes. Finding biomarkers is a multistep process and requires integrated study of different disciplines. Standards for quality, sensitivity, and specificity of biomarkers are described internationally, and a biomarker should meet all these criteria being used in patient care. Immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction, sequencing, and bioinformatic facilities are required for proper diagnosis in a pathology laboratory.