Assessment of Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Case–Control Study
Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, vol.31, no.4, pp.370-378, 2021 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus, TRDizin)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 31 Issue: 4
- Publication Date: 2021
- Doi Number: 10.5152/pcp.2021.21183
- Journal Name: Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, TR DİZİN (ULAKBİM)
- Page Numbers: pp.370-378
- Keywords: ADHD, adult, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, optical coherence tomography, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness
- Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: No
Abstract
Background: To assess retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness using optical coherence tomography in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults on regular methylphenidate treatment, comparing them to healthy controls. Methods: A total of 33 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults and 31 healthy subjects, matched for age, gender, and education (control group), were included in this study. Retinal nerve fiber layer and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness of both eyes were measured using optical coherence tomography, and symptom severity was evaluated using Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale and Wender Utah Rating Scale. Results: There was no significant difference in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness between the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and control groups (P > .05). Thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer total (P = .044), inferior (P = .012), and inferior nasal quadrant thickness (P = .049) were observed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder patients as compared to the controls. Conclusion: Findings detected thinner ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer in some quadrants of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adults, indicating an early disorder in retinal structure development. Whether retinal structures are sensitive attention deficit hyperactivity disorder biomarkers should be supported and investigated in future multimodal studies.