Advanced Treatment of Some Emerging Micropollutants by Photocatalytic and Membrane Processes from Raw Hospital Wastewater and Cost Analysis

Güney G., Sponza D. T.

VI.International Icontech Symposium on Innovative Surveys in Positive Sciences, Rijeka, Hırvatistan, 4 - 05 Aralık 2022, ss.107-116

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: Rijeka
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Hırvatistan
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.107-116
  • Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

A great deal of macro and micropollutants in domestic, urban, hospital and industrial wastewater are discharged to the receiving environment. Discharge standards have not been established for micropollutants, which are still being studied on measurement techniques and their chronic effects on living organisms. The conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are designed according to the regulations concerning on macro pollutants in wastewaters. The conventional WWTPs treat the macro pollutants (Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD], Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD], Total Suspended Solids [TSS], Total Nitrogen [TN], Total Phosphorus [TP], heavy metals, etc.) with high efficiencies, however they are insufficient to treat micropollutants due to their physicochemical properties. In this study, one of the most dangerous categories for health (neurotoxic; α-Hexabromocyclododecane [α-HBCDD], carcinogen; N-Nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA], ecotoxic; Gemfibrozil [GFZ] and endocrine disruptor; Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid [PFOS]) were selected and treatability with advanced treatment techniques (photocatalytic and membrane) were investigated. The removal efficiencies of α-HBCDD, NDMA, GFZ and PFOS were obtained as 98%, 66%, 95% and 76%, respectively at the optimum experimental conditions (nanoparticle concentration of 0.50 g L-1 CeO2, irradiation time of 45 min, UV light power of 210 W, temperature of 60 °C and pH of 7.00) for the photocatalytic treatment. The removal efficiencies of α-HBCDD, NDMA, GFZ and PFOS were found as 99%, 95%, 97% and 96%, respectively at the optimum experimental conditions (permeate flux [Jv] of 104.17 L m-2 h-1, cross-flow velocity [CFV] of 0.10 m h-1, transmembrane pressure [TMP] of 4.75 bar, pH of 8.00, temperature of 25°C, operation time of 1 h) for the membrane treatment with RO. Cost analysis was made for both treatment alternatives and the cost of treating 1 m3 of raw hospital wastewater was calculated as 5.39 € for photocatalytic treatment with CeO2 and 0.67 € for RO. RO was chosen as the most feasible method to treat the studied micropollutants (α-HBCDD, NDMA, GFZ and PFOS) from raw hospital wastewater.


Keywords: cost, hospital wastewater, membrane, micropollutants, photocatalytic