Evaluation of risk factors for recurrence of cutaneous adverse reactions due to anti-seizure medications in children: A retrospective study
Current Journal of Neurology, vol.22, no.4, pp.210-216, 2023 (ESCI, Scopus)
- Publication Type: Article / Article
- Volume: 22 Issue: 4
- Publication Date: 2023
- Doi Number: 10.18502/cjn.v22i4.14524
- Journal Name: Current Journal of Neurology
- Journal Indexes: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
- Page Numbers: pp.210-216
- Keywords: Drug Eruptions, Rash, Antiepileptic Drug, Epilepsy, Carbamazepine
- Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: Yes
Abstract
Background: Cutaneous adverse reactions (CARs) are one of the most important reasons for anti-seizure medication (ASM) discontinuation in epilepsy. However, such discontinuations can cause an increase in seizures. This study investigates the risk factors for ASM-related rash recurrence in children. Methods: This retrospective case-control study consisted of the patient group with a single rash due to ASMs (group 1), the patient group with rash recurrence (group 2), and the control group. While the demographic and clinical features of group 1 and the control group were compared in terms of a single rash, group 1 and group 2 were compared for rash recurrence. Results: Group 1, group 2, and control group consisted of 112, 33, and 166 patients, respectively. Female gender was a risk factor for a single rash (P < 0.001) but not for recurrence (P = 0.439). Presence of atopic disease [odds ratio (OR): 9.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.8-23.1, P < 0.001], family history of drug allergy (OR: 26.3, 95% CI: 9.6-72.1, P < 0.001), and polytherapy (OR: 23.5, 95% CI: 8.7-62.9, P < 0.001) were risk factors for rash recurrence. Aromatic nature of both the ASMs associated with the first rash (OR: 14.4, 95% CI: 3.2-63.2, P < 0.001) and rash recurrence (OR: 11.3, 95% CI: 4.6-27.5, P < 0.001) were determined as risk factors separately. Conclusion: Careful use of aromatic drugs may prevent recurrence of ASM-related CAR in children, particularly in cases of personal history of allergic disease and family history of drug allergy.