Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
5th International Antalya Scientific Research and Innovative Studies Congress, Antalya, Türkiye, 26 - 28 Temmuz 2023, ss.480-489
The conventional wastewater treatment plants are designed to remove macro pollutants (biological and chemical oxygen demands, total solids, total nitrogen and phosphorus, heavy metals, etc.) however, a great number of micropollutants having a concentration range from ng/L to µg/L are discharged to receiving environments both in Turkey and abroad. Domestic, urban, industrial, and hospital wastewaters are the source of micropollutants. It has been recently known that micropollutants have ecotoxic effects on the environment, while they have so many harmful health effects on human health such as carcinogenic, endocrine disruptive, neurotoxic, and mutagenicity on the reproductive system, etc. In this study, biological (anaerobic/aerobic sequential biological reactor system) and membrane processes (UF and RO) were operated in laboratory conditions and the treatment efficiencies for brominated (α-HBCDD and PBEB) and phenolic (CIP and NDMA) micropollutants were calculated for raw hospital wastewater. The maximum removal efficiencies of α-HBCDD, PBEB, CIP, and NDMA were determined as 18.26%, 19.05%, 93.16%, and 96.42%, respectively at 55 days SRT in the anaerobic/aerobic sequential biological reactor system. The maximum removal efficiencies of α-HBCDD, PBEB, CIP, and NDMA were obtained as 36.8%, 36.4%, 6.2%, and 5.8%, respectively in UF at the optimum experimental conditions. The maximum removal efficiencies of α-HBCDD, PBEB, CIP, and NDMA were found as 99.0%, 98.5%, 95.6%, and 95.3%, respectively in RO at the optimum experimental conditions. The total cost to treat 1 m3 of raw hospital wastewater was calculated as 3.2 €, 0.7 €, and 0.7 € for biological, UF, and RO processes, respectively. The most feasible treatment method was determined as the RO process for the studied micropollutants from raw hospital wastewater. RO gave the highest removal efficiencies (higher than 95%) with the cheapest price (0.7 €/ m3) in this study.
Keywords: Biological, Brominated, Hospital Wastewater, Membrane, Phenolic