Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Thoracic Research and Practice, cilt.27, sa.1, ss.47-56, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus, TRDizin)
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Among the parameters determining prognosis in lung cancer, the stage of the disease holds primary importance. Staging provides a universally accepted terminology for describing the anatomical characteristics of cancer, facilitating reliable communication in clinical research, evaluation of treatment outcomes, and prognosis. The tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging system, developed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the International Union for Cancer Control (UICC), serves as a simple, practical, and globally recognized staging framework. Over the past two decades, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer has been conducting a global three-phase project aimed at revising the TNM classification. The first two phases of this project were focused on revising the 7th and 8th lung cancer TNM staging revisions under the guidance of AJCC and the UICC. The third and final phase, the 9th staging project, has been completed and has been implemented as of January 1, 2025. This review aims to examine the 9th version of the TNM staging system compared to previous versions and evaluate the structural modifications, statistical foundations, and clinical implications of the new system. In the study, current data regarding the 9th version of the TNM staging system have been analysed; the revisions made to the T, N, and M components are detailed; the fundamental changes between the 8th and 9th versions are compared using tables. Furthermore, the impacts of the staging system on daily clinical practice are discussed.