Research Information System
1st INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INTEGRATED APPROACHES IN NATURAL SCIENCES, ENGINEERING, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, İstanbul, Turkey, 16 October 2025, pp.73-83, (Full Text)
The depletion of global oil reserves and the resulting environmental pollution from existing energy and production sources have made the emergence of environmentally friendly, high-carbon, and modern recycling-based renewable energy systems inevitable. To reduce carbon emissions, a shift toward renewable resources such as solar and wind energy has been targeted. Wind energy has historically been used for water pumping, agriculture, and transportation. Today, its greatest benefits are derived from electricity generation. This is primarily due to the reduction of environmental hazards and the reduction of raw material inputs from traditional energy production facilities. Wind energy is a significant renewable energy source and is a rapidly growing form of electrical energy, generating over one million Gigawatt-hours annually worldwide. It is projected to develop significantly by 2050. The International Energy Agency predicts that wind energy production in Turkey will reach 3,317 terawatthours (TWhs) or more by 2030. Turkey's total installed wind capacity is approaching 14,000 MW, while its net installed capacity reached 13,792.50 MW by the end of 2024. An average of 11.34% of the electricity generated in our country throughout 2024 came from wind energy. By the end of 2024, Turkey had the 6th largest installed wind energy capacity in Europe. The light weight, strength, and fatigue life of the turbine blade, a key component of a wind turbine, contribute significantly to the system's efficient operation, energy efficiency, and environmental protection. The composite materials used in rotor blades in wind turbine systems are 95 percent glass and 5 percent carbon. The primary reasons for the widespread use of glass-reinforced polymer composite materials are their short production time, ease of raw material procurement, light weight, low cost, and high strength. In this study, nine of 12 specimens cut from GFRP composite plates were stored in separate containers in 21°C seawater for one, two, or three months. The specimens stored in dry conditions and seawater were subjected to four bending tests, and the surface roughness of the adhesively bonded surface was examined in terms of IMAGEJ. Separation was observed in all GFRP specimens, starting at the bond line. These separations were caused by the maximum bending stress occurring in the constant moment region between the two points where the loads were applied in the four-point bending test. The damage was concentrated in the bending region centered between the load application points, and the integrity of the specimen body was largely preserved. This indicates that the fracture behavior began in this region, where the highest bending stress was effective.