Development of a solid phase microextraction gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of UV filters

Yücel C., Ertaş H., Ertaş F. N., Karapınar İ.

Microchemical Journal, cilt.200, 2024 (SCI-Expanded) identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 200
  • Basım Tarihi: 2024
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.microc.2024.110247
  • Dergi Adı: Microchemical Journal
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, BIOSIS, CAB Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Food Science & Technology Abstracts, Index Islamicus, Veterinary Science Database
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Central composite design, On-line solid phase microextraction, Plackett Burman design, UV filters, Wastewater
  • Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Background: UV filters are endocrine disrupting chemicals that have significant effects on biota and human health, even at trace levels. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine its residues in surface waters. Since their main distribution route to the environment is wastewater treatment plants, rapid, sensitive and environmentally friendly methods are required to be developed for their detection in such a complex matrix. Results: A method based on headspace solid phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric detection (HS/SPME-GC–MS/MS) was developed for the online extraction of nine UV filter compounds belonging to different chemical groups. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were scanned using Plackett Burman (P-B) design and then, significant parameters were optimized using Central Composite design (CCD) as follows; 10 mL of sample volume added NaCl to be 20 % (w/v) is equilibrated at 88.0 °C and extraction is carried out in headspace mode with a polyacrylate (PA) fiber for 20 min. The method was validated by using wastewater samples and the LOD values were calculated in the range of 4.21–12.0 ng L-1, which is quite satisfactory for such complex matrices. Recovery percentages for the wastewater samples spiked with sub ppb levels were found as 89.4–115 %. In addition, the analysis time was substantially shortened due to the lack of derivatization. Significance: This study describes the development of a HS/SPME method for rapid, greener, and yet more sensitive determination of the UV filters in wastewater samples.