Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Community and Physician, cilt.36, sa.1, ss.27-34, 2021 (Scopus)
t: The main feature of the 1970s is that it includes the Alma-Ata conference held in 1978. The process that took place before and after Alma-Ata caused important changes in health services in the world. The second feature of this period is that the last years of bright periods of the health system of the USSR. The third feature is that it includes a paradox that includes “success” and “failure” in health services. On the one hand, prolonged life expectancy, on the other hand, more than half of the world’s population cannot be accessed to receive regular healthcare. Especially among countries and even within developed countries, an unequal and insufficient resource distribution is mentioned in Alma-Ata and it is stated that all governments are responsible for ensuring equity in health services. Therefore the 1970s, focused on universal coverage in healthcare in all countries, greater allocation of public resources to healthcare and equity in health. However, due to the economic crisis, especially in poor countries, there were failures in the field of communicable diseases and inequalities. In addition, the WHO European Region and OECD countries have begun to make some changes in health financing methods, particularly in social insurance and complementary/voluntary private health insurance practices, due to increasing health expenditures. For this reason, mixed models with the blend of Beveridge and Bismarck systems started to emerge in the capitalist world. The most painful consequences of this period were the abandonment of the Semashko health system with the disintegration of the USSR and the collapse in the health systems of the former socialist Asian states. As a result, we see that the health systems all over the world have turned into capitalist financing models, which have applied the insurance and budget practices in a mixed manner.