Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, cilt.65, ss.4-11, 2022 (SCI-Expanded)
Minor physical anomalies (MPAs) are markers of abnormalities in early foetal development and are well established findings in schizophrenia. It has been suggested that neurodevelop-mental abnormalities might play a role not only in schizophrenia but also in bipolar disorder (BD). Therefore, according to neurodevelopmental theory of BD, one might expect increased prevalence of MPAs in BD. A meta-analysis of 11 studies was conducted to quantitatively re-view MPAs in BD in comparison to schizophrenia and healthy controls. The current meta -analysis compared MPA scores of 584 BD patients and 723 healthy controls, and 401 BD and 612 schizophrenia patients. Patients with BD had significantly higher MPA scores than healthy controls (g = 0.47, CI = 0.28-0.67). This was true both for craniofacial (g = 0.57, CI = 0.34-0.79) and periphery (g = 0.46, CI = 0.18-0.73) MPAs. BD was associated with a less severe increase in MPA score compared to schizophrenia, however, between-group difference was small (g = 0.19, CI = 0.05-0.33). The outcome of this meta-analysis suggests that BD is associated with medium effect size increase in MPAs which is only minimally less severe than schizophrenia. This finding supports the hypothesis that early developmental insult in brain development plays a role not only in schizophrenia but also BD. Studies investigating clinical, neurocognitive, neuroanatom-ical and other biological correlates of MPAs in BD might helpful in characterizing subtype (s) of BD that is associated with pronounced deviations in brain development.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. and ECNP. All rights reserved.