Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Yükseköğretim Kurumları Destekli Proje, 2022 - 2023
The concept of adaptability is very common in the design of
building envelopes. This is because; the envelope is the only physical
interface of a building with the physical environment and the urban context.
Thus, the building envelope is not only the group of surfaces separating the
building from the exterior climatic conditions, but also the interface to
interact with the urban context. For a few decades, parallel to the
developments in computer, material, and construction technologies, the
interaction of the façades and roofs with the environmental conditions and the
users has gained importance. Adaptability in building envelopes can be realized
in two groups: Climate-adaptive building envelopes and performative skins.
Deployable, retractable, foldable roofs and shading devices, and adaptive
glass/ glazing technologies are in the first group. This group of adaptive
building envelopes mostly aims to decrease the buildings’ heating and cooling
loads in order to obtain more sustainable buildings. The second group of
adaptive façade systems is the performative skins. Interactive façades/ shells
and media walls/ façades, which create interactivity between the building and
the user/ society can be expressed in this group.
Recent studies on the adaptive building envelopes mainly
focus on the integration of different mechanisms, origami techniques, smart
materials and high-tech glass systems into the adaptive roof and façade systems.
However, only a few of these studies focus on the utilization of
over-constrained mechanisms and the compliant mechanisms using curved-line
folding technique into the adaptive building envelopes. This gap in the
literature constitutes the main research problem and the subject of the
research project.
An over-constrained mechanism is a linkage that has more
degrees of freedom than is predicted by the mobility formula. Bennett 4R, Goldberg
5R, Sarrus 6R and Bricard 6R are typical examples of these mechanisms. Because
of their special geometric properties, these mechanisms are stiffer than the
other mechanisms when they are fixed. Although these structures are widely used
in different machines and robotic devices, there are only a few examples of
their use as structures or building elements.
The method of curved line folding originated from Bauhaus
School and was generated using paper material by means of the origami art. In
recent years, parallel to the development on material technologies, this
technique became an alternative method for the design of adaptive shading
elements. Although most moveable systems consist of rigid body mechanisms, this
technique can be designed with compliant mechanisms instead of rigid body
hinges. In contrast to constant systems, compliant mechanisms allow for elastic
deformation through flexible elements. Therefore, it is possible to create
cost-effective solutions for large-scale adaptive applications by reducing the
number of components and hinges in structures.
The proposed research project aims to investigate the potential
applications of over-constrained mechanisms and compliant mechanisms obtained
by curved line folding technique as the main system of adaptive building
envelopes. Parallel to this aim, spatial capabilities of these mechanisms will
be investigated, too. Finally, fabrication and prototyping opportunities of the
selected architectural applications will be investigated with scaled physical
models that can work properly with electronic control and necessary actuators.