Nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their age, gender and educational level


Konter E., Yurdabakan İ.

PROCEDIA SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES, vol.2, no.2, pp.915-921, 2010 (SSCI)

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Volume: 2 Issue: 2
  • Publication Date: 2010
  • Journal Name: PROCEDIA SOCIAL AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES
  • Journal Indexes: Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)
  • Page Numbers: pp.915-921
  • Dokuz Eylül University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This study was to investigate the nonverbal intelligence of soccer players according to their age, gender and educational level. For this purpose, data were collected from 353 soccer players using adapted version of the TONI-2. The soccer players had a mean age of 14.78 years. Collected data was analyzed by ANOVA for age groups, t statistics for comparisons of gender and level of education. ANOVA and t statistics of the data revealed the significant differences between age groups, gender and level of education. Multiple comparisons showed that TONI-2 points increased with the age from 13 through 17 in order. Results also indicated that female players from male players and high school players from secondary school players have higher TONI-2 points in soccer.